Both men have ties to major Russian banks and billionaires close to the Kremlin. But they were not the most senior Russians involved. According to an executive at a Russian state bank who deals with cryptocurrencies, senior advisers to the Kremlin have overseen the effort in Venezuela, and President Vladimir Putin signed off on it last year.
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Ever since , when the U. While not as ambitious as the Russian attempt in to influence the U. The use of cryptocurrencies could, at least in theory, hurt the U. But new cryptocurrencies can be created and sold without involving the banks and regulators that normally police currency markets. That is partly what makes them attractive to people under U. By flying under the radar of big financial institutions, cryptocurrencies can help these people move their money around securely, discretely and with less fear of having it seized by U. In the long term, if more people start using this type of digital cash, and more businesses accept it as a form of payment, trade in cryptocurrencies could ultimately grow large enough to rival major currencies like the dollar.
That is what many investors in this field are banking on. Three of the main architects of the Russia sanctions program, who spoke to TIME for this article, said cryptocurrencies will not save major Russian banks or institutions from its restrictions. Treasury Department between and Still, U. He has since endorsed its potential in a series of public pronouncements, and Russian officials, lawmakers and entrepreneurs have rushed to make Moscow a global center for the cryptocurrency market. One of their more ambitious ideas has been to create a digital version of the ruble that would mimic key elements of Bitcoin.
So instead of putting the ruble at risk, Russia encouraged its ally in Latin America to run the experiment on itself, the banker says. The job of arranging the details for this experiment has gone to the two Russian businessmen, Druzhkov and Bogorodsky, who met with Maduro on Feb. The Russian connection to this experiment became all the more clear the following day, Feb.
Zerpa met that day in Moscow with Russian Finance Minister Anton Siluanov and other officials, and he posted photos of the meetings on Twitter. The Russian Finance Ministry was, by comparison, less eager to promote these discussions. The ministry did, however, take the time to post on Facebook that day about a jewelry fair attended by one of its officials. But in recent weeks the authorities in Moscow seem to have cooled on the idea of an official cryptoruble. At least some of those risks derive from the reaction of the U.
After they met with Maduro on Feb. Only after studying company records and speaking to other cryptocurrency investors was TIME able to identify the Russians whom Maduro had so warmly thanked for helping him create the petro. Druzhkov, the younger of the two, appears to be relatively new to the world of cryptocurrency.
He only founded his start-up in this field last fall, an online trading house called the Zeus Exchange. His partner in that venture, a wealthy Russian industrialist and art collector named Sergei Litvin, also seems to have no previous experience in cryptocurrency. But Litvin does sit on the executive board of a conglomerate that has been under U.
Speaking to TIME by phone from Maastricht, in the Netherlands, where he was looking to expand his impressive collection of Renaissance art, Litvin said that Russia, like other countries, is watching the Venezuelan experiment closely. We want to see the weak spots in such a project. His other Russian partner in this project was more forthcoming.
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